Hertz Add Additional Driver Lateral Meniscus Posterior
If so, perhaps you can add an additional $50,000 for the meniscus tear, if that, to the full value of the pain and suffering component of your case. See my $300,000 settlement for a lateral peripheral meniscus detachment from a car accident. Driver Gets $10,000 for Meniscus. Lower Limb: Knee Joint. What type of joint is the knee joint? What is the additional role of the Medial Collateral ligament? Lateral collateral ligament is NOT attached to the lateral meniscus. What consists of an 'unhappy triad'/Combined Knee injury. Damage to: ACL, MCL and Medial Meniscus. The Veterans’ Disability Benefits Commission asked the committee about (1) the advantages and disadvantages of adopting universal medical diagnostic codes rather than using a unique system, and (2) the advantages and disadvantages of using the American Medical Association (AMA) Guides to the. Meniscal repair for radial tears of the meniscus have been rarely reported. Van Trommel et al 9 repaired 5 radial tears of the lateral meniscus using outside-in sutures enhanced by fibrin clot. Noyes and Barber-Westin 6 reported 4 cases of radial tear repairs using inside-out sutures.
Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • How do you know if you have a torn meniscus in your knee? An injury to the meniscus, which is a piece of cartilage that provides a cushion between the thighbone ‘femur’ and the shinbone ‘tibia’, requires a good understanding of its structure and function, and he factors involved in treating an athlete with non-operative or operative treatment. Based on the current knowledge of knee biomechanics, we will discuss everything related to torn menisci, from their anatomy to the possible treatment methods and modalities. Understanding of the role of the menisci in the biomechanics of the knee has progressed steadily throughout the medical history. Printable graph paper word document.
In 1968, Jackson wrote, “The exact function of that structure is still a matter of some conjecture.” As they have been well known to have an integral role in normal knee joint mechanics, nowadays, the menisci are not optional or expendable structures. Anatomy of the menisci The menisci are C-shaped structures composed of fibrocartilage, and they are located between the tibial plateau and femoral condyles. The medial meniscus is larger and semilunar compared to the more circular lateral meniscus. Both menisci have their anterior and posterior horns which are secured to the tibial plateaus.
Usb boot any iso 2013 tested worked with synonym. In the anterior side, there is a structure called the transverse ligament which connects the two menisci, whereas posteriorly, the meniscofemoral ligament stabilizes the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to the femoral condyle. Additionally, the peripheral meniscal rim is loosely connected to the tibia via the coronary ligaments. The joint capsule, which attaches to the entire periphery of both menisci, adheres more firmly to the medial one. When a compressive force is applied to the knee, the force is transmitted to the collagen fibers of the menisci which are arranged in a circumferential pattern. Since the blood supply to the menisci is limited to their peripheries, the peripheral rim of these menisci is so vital for their normal function and the potential to repair, that orthopedic surgeons tend to preserve the peripheral rim during ‘partial meniscectomy’ in order to avoid irreversible disruption of the structure. 20% decrease in the vascular supply by age 40 years was reported in a previous study, and this was attributed to weight bearing over time.
The mechanism of injury The menisci are directly responsible for the transmission of forces, load distribution, amount of contact force, and pressure distribution patterns. Sports-related injuries to the menisci are usually due to unexpected rotational force. A varus or valgus force directed to a flexed knee is another common mechanism of injury to the menisci. A valgus force applied to a flexed knee while the femur is internally rotated may cause a tear of the medial meniscus. In contrast, a varus force directed to a flexed knee while the femur externally rotated may result in a lateral meniscus lesion.
Because the medial meniscus is more firmly attached than the lateral meniscus, there is a greater incidence of medial meniscus injury. An interesting classification of meniscus injuries was proposed by Arnoczky in 1982. Based on the relation to the meniscal vascular supply, the meniscal injuries can be divided into three main types. When lesions are located within the blood-rich periphery, it is called a red-red tear, and this type of lesion has a better opportunity for healing.
When the lesion is encompassing the peripheral rim and central portion, it is called a red-white tear. In this situation, one end of the tear is located in tissue with rich blood supply, while the other end is in the avascular section. A white-white tear is a lesion located in the avascular central portion of the meniscus; the prognosis for healing in such a situation is usually poor. Frequency of incidence Meniscal injuries are well known to be fairly common sports-related injuries among adults.
However, knee meniscal tears do occur in young individuals who are skeletally immature. They rarely occur in children younger than 10 years with morphologically normal menisci. Generally, meniscal injuries are more common in males than females. This may be due to the aggressive sporting and manual activities that predispose to rotational injuries of the knee and are more common among males. Meniscal injuries have two peaks of incidence during people’s life. They are common in young athletes who are involved in aggressive sports.
Moreover, the incidence of meniscal injuries increases in elderly persons older than 55 years because the degenerate menisci are more susceptible to injuries from minor traumas. How does the patient present? A thorough and careful history taking is of crucial importance for the clinician to choose the appropriate clinical tests in the physical examination. The clinician will ask about the exact mechanism of trauma and this will help him determine the type of meniscal involvement. On the other hand, the patient will often describe an acute joint pain, and joint effusion may be evident by inspection after a few hours. However, patients with peripheral tears of the meniscus may develop effusion in just few minutes after trauma. The reason for this is that the outer one third of the meniscus is highly vascularized and the tear is associated with hemarthrosis, which is a bleeding into the joint space.
Locking is another common symptom in meniscal tears and it usually occurs at 20 to 45° of joint extension. Locking is a feeling of a limited joint motion against a rubbery resistance. This happens due to entrapment of a torn fragment within the joint. If joint effusion or capsular involvement is evident, locking-like signs may be positive. The clinician may try to detect a click or snap after the joint unlocks because this is a reliable indicator of meniscal lesion. A patient with meniscal tear may report a sensation of buckling.
This sensation develops when the torn fragment becomes lodged momentarily in the knee joint. The buckling sensation should be carefully distinguished from a sensation of giving way, which is commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury due to joint instability.